Yonke imveliso yokukhanyisa ulusu ineekhemikhali ezininzi, uninzi lwazo luvela kwimithombo yendalo. Nangona uninzi lwezithako ezisebenzayo zisebenza kakuhle, ezinye zazo zinokuba nemiphumo emibi. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda izithako ezisebenzayo zokukhanyisa ulusu yingongoma ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha ezi mveliso zokhathalelo lolusu.
Yiyo loo nto ingxoxo ngezi zithako zisebenzayo iyimfuneko. Kufuneka uqonde impembelelo echanekileyo yemveliso nganye eluswini, ukusebenza kwayo kunye nemiphumo emibi yemveliso nganye.
1. I-Hydroquinone
Sesona sithako sisebenzayo esisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso zokukhanyisa ulusu. Sinciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. I-Food and Drug Administration inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo ukuya kwi-2% kuphela kwiimveliso zokukhanyisa ulusu ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. Oku kungenxa yenkxalabo malunga nokuba ibangela umhlaza. Izifundo zibonise ukuba inokubangela ukurhawuzelelwa lusu. Ke ngoko, ezinye iimveliso ziqulathe i-cortisone yokunciphisa oku kurhawuzelelwa. Nangona kunjalo, sisithako esisebenzayo esisebenzayo kwiimveliso zokukhanyisa ulusu ezinomsebenzi we-antioxidant.
2. I-asidi ye-Azelaic
Sisithako sendalo esithathwe kwiinkozo ezifana ne-rye, ingqolowa kunye nerhasi. I-Azelaic acid isetyenziswa kunyango lwe-acne. Nangona kunjalo, ikwafunyenwe ukuba iyasebenza ngexesha lokukhanyisa ulusu, inciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. Yenziwa ngohlobo lwekhrimu enoxinzelelo lwe-10-20%. Yindlela ekhuselekileyo, yendalo endaweni ye-hydroquinone. Inokubangela ukurhawuzelelwa lusu olubuthathaka ngaphandle kokuba une-allergy kuyo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba i-azelaic acid isenokungasebenzi kwi-pigmentation yesikhumba eqhelekileyo (amabala, ii-moles).
3. IVithamin C
Njenge-antioxidant, i-vitamin C kunye nezinye izinto eziphuma kuyo zikhusela ulusu ekonakalisweni yimitha yelanga ye-UV. Zikwadlala indima kwinkqubo yokukhanyisa ulusu, zinciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. Zithathwa njengezinye iindlela ezikhuselekileyo endaweni ye-hydroquinone. Izifundo zifumanise ukuba zinokunyusa amanqanaba e-glutathione emzimbeni kwaye zibe nefuthe eliphindwe kabini ekukhanyiseni ulusu.
4. I-Niacinamide
Ukongeza ekwenzeni ulusu lube mhlophe, i-niacinamide inokwenza ulusu lube mhlophe imibimbi kunye namaqhakuva, kwaye yonyuse ukufuma kolusu. Izifundo zibonise ukuba yenye yezona ndlela zikhuselekileyo zokusebenzisa i-hydroquinone. Ayinazo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kulusu okanye kwinkqubo yebhayoloji yomntu.
5. I-Tranexamic acid
Isetyenziswa kwiindlela zokujova ezisetyenziswa ngaphakathi nangaphandle ukuze kukhanye ulusu kwaye kuncitshiswe umbala wolusu. Ikwayenye indlela ekhuselekileyo endaweni ye-hydroquinone. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwayo akukaqinisekiswa, kodwa ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ikhuselekile kwaye isebenza kakuhle.
6. I-asidi ye-retinoic
I-vitamin "A" evela kuyo, esetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwe-acne, kodwa ingasetyenziselwa nokukhanyisa ulusu, indlela esebenza ngayo ayaziwa. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonise ukuba ukurhawuzelelwa lulusu yenye yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-tretinoin, eyonyusa uvakalelo lolusu kwimitha ye-UV, ngoko ke abasebenzisi kufuneka bakuphephe ukuchatshazelwa lilanga kuba kunokubangela ukurhawuzelelwa lulusu. Kwakhona, ayikhuselekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
7. I-Arbutin
Ngumthombo wendalo we-hydroquinone evela kwiintlobo ezininzi zeepere kunye namagqabi e-cranberries, iiblueberries, ii-bearberries kunye nee-mulberries. Iyanciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin, ingakumbi kwimo yayo ecocekileyo, njengoko inamandla ngakumbi. Yindlela ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo kwezinye iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwiimveliso zokukhanyisa ulusu. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonisa ukuba i-arbutin inokubangela ukwanda kwe-hyperpigmentation yolusu ukuba isetyenziswe kwiidosi eziphezulu.
8. I-asidi yeKojic
Sisithako sendalo esiveliswa ngexesha lokubiliswa kwerayisi ngexesha lokuveliswa kwewayini. Sisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, asizinzanga kwaye sijika sibe yinto emdaka engasebenziyo emoyeni okanye elangeni. Ke ngoko, izinto ezenziweyo zisetyenziswa endaweni yeemveliso zesikhumba, kodwa azisebenzi njenge-kojic acid yendalo.
9. I-Glutathione
I-Glutathione yi-antioxidant enamandla okukhanyisa ulusu. Ikhusela ulusu ekonakaleni lilanga kwaye ikhusela ulusu ekukhanyeni. I-Glutathione iza ngohlobo lwe-lotions, iikhrimu, isepha, iipilisi kunye neenaliti. Ezona zisebenzayo ziipilisi ze-glutathione, ezithathwa kabini ngemini kangangeeveki ezi-2-4 ukunciphisa umbala wolusu. Nangona kunjalo, iintlobo zesikhumba aziluncedo ngenxa yokufunxwa kwazo kancinci kunye nokungena kakubi eluswini. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukusebenzisa uhlobo lwe-injection ukuze bafumane iziphumo ezikhawulezileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iinaliti eziphindaphindwayo zinokukhokelela kwiintsholongwane zolusu, amaqhakuva. Izifundo zibonise ukuba i-glutathione inako ukukhanyisa amabala amnyama kunye nokukhanyisa ulusu. Ikwabikwa ukuba ikhuselekile.
10. Ii-Hydroxy Acids
I-Glycolic acid kunye ne-lactic acid zezona zisebenzayo kakhulu kwi-α-hydroxy acids. Zingena kwiileya zolusu kwaye zinciphise ukuveliswa kwe-melanin, njengoko uphando lubonisile. Zikwakhupha i-foliation, zisusa ulusu olufileyo kunye neeleya ezingaphiliyo zolusu olune-hyperpigmented. Yiyo loo nto zifunyenwe zisebenza kakuhle ekukhanyiseni i-hyperpigmentation eluswini.
11. Isicoci sombala
Izinto zokususa ibala ezifana ne-monobenzone kunye ne-mequinol zinokusetyenziselwa ukukhanyisa ulusu ngokusisigxina. Ekubeni zinokubangela umonakalo osisigxina kwiiseli ezivelisa i-melanin, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizigulane ezine-vitiligo. Zisebenzisa iikhrimu eziqulethe le khemikhali kwiindawo zesikhumba ezingachaphazelekanga ukuze zilingane ulusu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ezinjalo kubantu abasempilweni akukhuthazwa. Uphando lubonisa ukuba i-monophenone inokubangela ukurhawuzelelwa lusu kunye nokungonwabi kwamehlo.
Ezinye izithako ezisebenzayo
Kukho iikhemikhali ezininzi ezinceda ishishini lokukhanyisa ulusu. Sekunjalo, uphando oluthe kratya luyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lweyeza ngalinye. Enye yezi zithako zisebenzayo yi-licorice extract, ingakumbi i-licorice.
Izifundo zithi iyasebenza ekukhanyiseni iindawo ezimnyama, ezinombala ophezulu kunye nokwenza ulusu lube mhlophe. Inciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. I-Vitamin E idlala indima kwinkqubo yokukhanyisa ulusu ngokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. Yonyusa amanqanaba e-glutathione emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuze kucaciswe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lwala makhemikhali.
Okokugqibela, ayizizo zonke izithako ezisebenzayo kwiimveliso zokukhanyisa ulusu ezikhuselekileyo. Yiyo loo nto abathengi kufuneka bafunde izithako ngaphambi kokuba bathenge nayiphi na imveliso yokukhanyisa ulusu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Oktobha-14-2022