Yonke imveliso ekhanyisa ulusu ineqela lemichiza, uninzi lwazo luvela kwimithombo yendalo. Ngelixa uninzi lwezithako ezisebenzayo zisebenza, ezinye zazo zinokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ngoko ke, ukuqonda izithako ezisebenzayo zokukhanya kwesikhumba yinto ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha ezi mveliso zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba.
Yiyo loo nto ingxoxo yezi zithako ezisebenzayo iyimfuneko. Kufuneka uqonde umphumo ochanekileyo wemveliso nganye eluswini, ukusebenza kunye nemiphumo emibi yemveliso nganye.
1. IHydroquinone
Sesona sithako sisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimveliso ezikhanyisa ulusu. Iyanciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. I-Food and Drug Administration ilinganisela ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwi-2 ekhulwini kuphela kwiimveliso ezikhanyisa ulusu ngaphandle kwe-counter. Oku kungenxa yenkxalabo malunga ne-carcinogenicity yayo. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba lunokubangela ukucaphuka kwesikhumba. Ke ngoko, ezinye iimveliso zine-cortisone ukukhulula oku kucaphukisa. Nangona kunjalo, sisithako esisebenzayo esisebenzayo kwiimveliso ezikhanyisa ulusu ezinomsebenzi we-antioxidant.
2. Azelaic acid
Sisithako sendalo esivela kwiinkozo ezifana ne-rye, ingqolowa kunye nerhasi. I-Azelaic acid isetyenziselwa unyango lwe-acne. Nangona kunjalo, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba iyasebenza ngexesha lokukhanya kwesikhumba, ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. Iveliswa ngendlela yekrimu ene-concentration ye-10-20%. Yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo, yendalo eyenye kwihydroquinone. Inokubangela ukucaphuka eluswini olubuthathaka ngaphandle kokuba awudibani nayo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba i-azelaic acid isenokungasebenzi kwi-pigmentation yesikhumba eqhelekileyo (i-freckles, i-moles).
3. IVithamin C
Njenge-antioxidant, ivithamin C kunye nezinto eziphuma kuyo zikhusela kumonakalo wolusu obangelwa yimitha yelanga ye-UV. Kwakhona badlala indima kwinkqubo yokukhanya kwesikhumba, ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. Zithathwa njengezinye ezikhuselekileyo kunehydroquinone. Uphononongo lufumene ukuba banokunyusa amanqanaba e-glutathione emzimbeni kwaye babe nefuthe eliphindwe kabini ekukhanyeni kwesikhumba.
4. Niacinamide
Ukongeza ekwenzeni lube mhlophe ulusu, i-niacinamide inokuphinda ikhanyise imibimbi yolusu kunye namaqhakuva, kwaye yonyuse ukufuma kolusu. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba yenye yezona ndlela zikhuselekileyo kune-hydroquinone. Ayinaziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eluswini okanye kwinkqubo yebhayoloji yomntu.
5. Tranexamic acid
Isetyenziswa kuzo zombini iifom ezitofwayo kunye nezomlomo ukukhanyisa ulusu kunye nokunciphisa i-pigmentation yesikhumba. Ikwayenye enye indlela ekhuselekileyo ye-hydroquinone. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwayo akukangqinwa, kodwa ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ikhuselekile kwaye iyasebenza.
6. Retinoic acid
I-vitamin "A" ephuma kuyo, esetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwe-acne, kodwa ingasetyenziselwa ukukhanyisa ulusu, indlela engaziwa ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, uphononongo lubonise ukuba ukucaphuka kolusu yenye yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-tretinoin, eyonyusa uvakalelo lwesikhumba kwimitha ye-UV, ngoko ke abasebenzisi kufuneka bakuphephe ukuvezwa lilanga njengoko kunokubangela ulusu. Kwakhona, akukhuselekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
7. Arbutin
Ngumthombo wendalo we-hydroquinone kwiintlobo ezininzi zamapere kunye namagqabi e-cranberries, ama-blueberries, amaqunube kunye namaqunube. Iyanciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin, ngokukodwa kwifom yayo ecocekileyo, njengoko inamandla ngakumbi. Yenye indlela ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo kwezinye iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezikhanyisa ulusu. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lucebisa ukuba i-arbutin inokubangela ukwanda kwe-hyperpigmentation yolusu ukuba isetyenziswe kwidosi ephezulu.
8. Kojic acid
Sisithako sendalo esiveliswa ngexesha lokuvundiswa kwerayisi ngexesha lemveliso yewayini. Isebenza kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ayizinzile kwaye ijika ibe yinto emdaka engasebenziyo emoyeni okanye ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Ngoko ke, i-synthetic derivatives isetyenziselwa indawo yemveliso yesikhumba, kodwa ayisebenzi njengendalo ye-kojic acid.
9. Glutathione
I-Glutathione yi-antioxidant enobuchule bokukhanyisa ulusu. Ikhusela ulusu ekonakalisweni lilanga kwaye ikwakhusela ulusu ekukhanyeni. IGlutathione iza ngohlobo lweloshini, iikhrimu, isepha, iipilisi kunye nanaliti. Eyona nto isebenzayo iipilisi ze-glutathione, ezithathwa kabini ngosuku kwiiveki ezi-2-4 ukunciphisa i-pigmentation yesikhumba. Nangona kunjalo, iifom ze-topical aziloncedo ngenxa yokuthatha kwazo kancinci kunye nokungenwa kakubi kwesikhumba. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukusebenzisa ifomu etofwayo kwiziphumo ezikhawulezileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukujova ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokukhokelela kwizifo zesikhumba, i-rashes. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba i-glutathione inamandla okukhanyisa amabala amnyama kunye nokukhanyisa ulusu. Kwakhona kuthiwa ikhuselekile.
10. Hydroxy Acids
I-Glycolic acid kunye ne-lactic acid zezona zisebenzayo ze-α-hydroxy acids. Bangena kwiindawo zolusu kwaye banciphise ukuveliswa kwe-melanin, njengoko uphando lubonisile. Zikwakhupha, zisusa ulusu olufileyo kunye neengqimba ezingafanelekanga zolusu olunepigmented. Kungenxa yoko le nto ziye zafunyaniswa ukuba ziyasebenza ekukhanyiseni i-hyperpigmentation eluswini.
11. I-Decolorizer
Ii-agent zokunciphisa umbala ezifana ne-monobenzone kunye ne-mequinol zingasetyenziselwa ukukhanya kwesikhumba ngokusisigxina. Ekubeni zinokubangela umonakalo osisigxina kwiiseli ezivelisa i-melanin, zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizigulane ze-vitiligo. Basebenzisa iikhrimu eziqulethe le khemikhali kwiindawo zolusu ezingachatshazelwanga ukuze zilungelelanise ulusu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ezinjalo kubantu abasempilweni akukhuthazwa. Uphando lucebisa ukuba i-monophenone inokubangela ukucaphuka kwesikhumba kunye nokungakhululeki kwamehlo.
Ezinye izithako ezisebenzayo
Kukho iikhemikhali ezininzi ezinceda ishishini lokukhanyisa ulusu. Sekunjalo, uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwechiza ngalinye. Esinye sezi zithako ezisebenzayo yi-licorice extract, ngokukodwa i-licorice.
Uphononongo lubanga ukuba luyasebenza ekukhanyiseni iindawo ezimnyama, ezinepigmented kunye nolusu olumhlophe. Iyanciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. I-Vitamin E idlala indima kwinkqubo yokukhanya kwesikhumba ngokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-melanin. Iyakwandisa amanqanaba e-glutathione emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluninzi luyafuneka ukucacisa ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwale michiza.
Okokugqibela, ayizizo zonke izithako ezisebenzayo kwiimveliso ezikhanyisa ulusu ezikhuselekileyo. Yiyo loo nto abathengi kufuneka bafunde izithako phambi kokuthenga nayiphi na imveliso ekhanyisa ulusu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-14-2022