iindaba

I. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-Antimicrobial okungaqhelekanga

I-5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMIT), enefomula yemolekyuli i-C₄H₄ClNOS kunye nobunzima bemolekyuli obuyi-149.6, imi njengenye yezona khompawundi ze-isothiazolinone ezaziwayo nezithembekileyo kushishino lokulondolozwa kwehlabathi. Ibonisa umlinganiselo we-Book Index we-10—umlinganiselo ophezulu wokhuseleko nokuthembeka—I-CMITiye yazimisela njengesiseko sokhuselo lwanamhlanje lwee-antimicrobial kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zoshishino.

Ekuqaleni yaphuhliswa kwaye yathengiswa yiRohm kunye neHaas phantsi kwegama lophawu oludumileyo iKathon™, i-CMIT idla ngokusetyenziswa njengenxalenye ephambili yomxube we-3:1 osebenzisana neMethylisothiazolinone (MIT). Olu dibaniso lunamandla luthathwa njengenye yezona biocides ze-broad-spectrum ezingabizi kakhulu nezisebenzayo ezikhoyo kwimarike yehlabathi. I-CMIT idunyiswa ngomsebenzi wayo obalaseleyo we-broad-spectrum, ithintela ngempumelelo ukukhula kweebhaktheriya (zombini i-Gram-positive ne-negative), ifungi, igwele, kunye ne-algae. Indlela esebenza ngayo amandla ayo ikwi-bioactive sulfur moiety yayo, ekhupha iintsalela eziqulethe i-thiol ngaphakathi kweeseli ze-microbial, iphazamisa iiproteni zazo kunye nee-enzymes kwaye ekugqibeleni ikhokelele ekufeni ngokukhawuleza kweeseli. Le reaction ye-electrophilic ijolise kwiindlela ezibalulekileyo ze-metabolic, iqinisekisa ukuba ii-microorganisms azikwazi ukuvelisa ukumelana ngokukhawuleza—inzuzo ebalulekileyo kunezinye iikhemikhali ezininzi zokugcina izinto. Kwizinga eliphantsi njenge-150 ppm, inokucinezela ngokupheleleyo ukukhula kweebhaktheriya, kwaye kwi-125 ppm, ithintela ngokupheleleyo igwele kunye nomngundo, iqinisekisa uzinzo lwemveliso kunye nokhuseleko ngexesha lokugcina nokusetyenziswa.

II. Izicelo zeShishini eziguquguqukayo kuzo zonke iiCandelo eziphambili

Uncedo lweI-5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-enyeyandisa uluhlu olubanzi lwamacandelo emizi-mveliso, ibonelela ngolondolozo olubalulekileyo kwiindawo ezinzima apho ungcoliseko lweentsholongwane lubeka umngcipheko omkhulu kumgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza.

Kwindlela yokucoca amanzi kwimizi-mveliso, i-CMIT isetyenziswa kakhulu ekujikelezeni kwamanzi okupholisa, unyango lwamanzi amdaka, kunye neenkqubo zamanzi ukuze kulawulwe ukukhula kweentsholongwane kunye nokuthintela ukungcoliswa kwezinto eziphilayo. Ii-biofilms zinokunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kobushushu kwaye zikhawulezise ukugqwala kwimibhobho nakwizixhobo. Ngokususa ngempumelelo ezi ndawo zeentsholongwane, i-CMIT iqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobude bexesha leziseko zophuhliso ezintsonkothileyo kwimizi-mveliso, inciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi. Ngaphakathi kushishino lokufaka izinto,I-CMITlicandelo elibalulekileyo lokugcina izinto ezingaphakathi kwikhabhathi, ukukhusela iipeyinti ezisekelwe emanzini, ii-emulsions, kunye nezincamathelisi ekonakaleni kweentsholongwane ngexesha lokugcina. Ngaphandle kokugcinwa ngokwaneleyo, ezi mveliso zisengozini yokukhula kweentsholongwane kunye nefungus okubangela ivumba, utshintsho lwe-viscosity, kunye nokusilela kwemveliso ekugqibeleni. Icandelo leoyile negesi lixhomekeke kwi-CMIT ukulwa nongcoliseko lweentsholongwane kwiincindi zokumba kunye neenkqubo ze-oyile. Iintsholongwane ezinciphisa i-sulfate zinokuvelisa i-hydrogen sulfide, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungcoleni kwamachibi kunye nokugqwala okukhulu kwezixhobo zesinyithi. Ukongeza,I-CMITisebenza njengesithinteli esisebenzayo kwiisepha, kwiisepha zezitya, nakwezinye izinto zokucoca indlu, ithintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane ezinokuthi zonakalise ukuthembeka kwemveliso.

III. Indima Ebalulekileyo Kwinkathalelo Yomntu Ngemida Engqongqo Yolawulo

NgelixaI-CMITyi-biocide esebenza kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunyango lomntu siqu kuxhomekeke kulawulo olungqongqo ngenxa yamandla ayo okubonakalisa uvakalelo. Kwishishini lezinto zokuthambisa, isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimveliso zokuhlamba ezifana neeshampu, ii-conditioner, kunye nokuhlamba umzimba, apho isenzo sayo esinamandla sokulondoloza sinceda ukugcina ukuthembeka kwemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, olu setyenziso lufuna ukuchaneka, njengoko i-CMIT sisivamvo sesikhumba esaziwayo esinokubangela i-allergy contact dermatitis kubantu abasengozini.

Phantsi kweCosmetic Safety Technical Specification (uHlelo luka-2015), umxube we-3:1 we-CMIT/MIT uvumelekile kuphela kwiimveliso zokuthambisa ezihlanjwayo kuxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-0.0015% (15 ppm). Eli nqanaba lokusetyenziswa liphantsi kakhulu libonisa amandla amangalisayo ekhompawundi—nangona kumanqanaba amancinci kangaka, ibonelela ngolondolozo olufanelekileyo ngokuchasene noluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezingcolisayo. Ukudlula lo mda kubeka iingozi ezinkulu zempilo, kubandakanya ukubomvu kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, amaqhuqhuva, kunye neempendulo eziqatha ze-allergy. Izenzo zolawulo zamva nje kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zigxininisa ukubaluleka kokunamathela ngokungqongqo kwezi zikhokelo zokhuseleko. Abavelisi kufuneka bagcine imigaqo yokulawula umgangatho engqongqo, iinkqubo zokulinganisa ezichanekileyo, kunye novavanyo olucokisekileyo lwezithako ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabathengi ngelixa besebenzisa amandla ayo okugcina izinto zicocekile.

IV. Uzinzo, Ukuhambelana, kunye neengenelo zokwenziwa

Ngaphaya kwesenzo sayo esinamandla sokulwa neentsholongwane,I-CMITInika iingenelo ezibalulekileyo ngokwembono yokwenziwa kwemveliso. I-CMIT ibonisa uzinzo olugqwesileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ze-pH, ihlala igcina ukusebenza kwayo phakathi kwe-pH 2 kunye ne-9, okwenza ifaneleke kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso ukusuka kwiifomyula zokucoca ezine-asidi ukuya kwi-emulsions engathathi hlangothi kunye nolwelo lwe-industrial alkaline kancinci. Uzinzo lwayo lobushushu luqinisekisa ukuba ihlala isebenza nakwiindawo zokucubungula apho kuhlangatyezwana khona namaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

I-CMITikwabonisa ukuhambelana okugqwesileyo nezithako zefomyula ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, kuquka ii-surfactants ezingezizo ze-ionic, ze-anionic, kunye neze-amphoteric, kunye nee-polymers ezahlukeneyo, izithambisi, kunye nee-emulsifiers. Oku kuhambelana kunciphisa umngcipheko wokudibana okungafunekiyo okunokubangela ukungazinzi kwefomyula okanye ukuncipha kokusebenza kwepreservative. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izithinteli zemveli ezinokusabela nezinye izinto ukuze zenze iiprecipitates, i-CMIT idibana ngaphandle kokuphazamisa iipropati zobuhle ezifana nombala, ivumba, okanye ubume. Ngaphezu koko, i-CMIT ayincedi ekukhutshweni kwe-formaldehyde okanye iqulethe izinyibilikisi ze-halogenated, okwenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olwamkelekileyo kokusingqongileyo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iiteknoloji ezindala zopreservative.

 V.Indima Ebalulekileyo ye-CMIT kwiiNkqubo zoLondolozo zanamhlanje

Nangona kukho imida yemithetho ejikeleze ukusetyenziswa kwayo,I-CMITisasisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwizixhobo ze-formulator. Ukusebenza kwayo kakuhle kweendleko okungenakuthelekiswa nanto—ukufikelela ekugcinweni okunamandla kwiindawo eziphantsi kakhulu—kwenza ukuba ibe yeyonga kakhulu kunezinye izigcini ezininzi ezifuna amanqanaba aphezulu okulinganisa. Izinga layo lokubulala ngokukhawuleza libonelela ngokhuseleko olukhawulezileyo kwiziganeko zongcoliseko, olubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo zokwenza imveliso apho amaqela emveliso esengozini ngexesha lemveliso kunye nezigaba zokupakisha. Umsebenzi wayo obanzi uqinisekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo kuluhlu olupheleleyo lweentsholongwane ezihlala zisongela iimveliso zoshishino, okwenza kube lula iindlela zokugcina.

Ndijonge phambili,IiCMITIndima ekugcinweni kwemizi-mveliso kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke, ingakumbi kwizicelo ezingezizo ezobuhle apho ukusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kunye neenzuzo zeendleko zihlala zingenakuthelekiswa nanto. Uphando oluqhubekayo malunga nobuchwepheshe obutsha bokwenziwa kunye neenkqubo zokuhambisa ezikhuselayo lunokuphucula ngakumbi iprofayili yalo yokhuseleko, luvumele ukusetyenziswa kwalo okuqhubekayo ngelixa lujongana neenkxalabo ezivelayo zempilo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Njengoko ishishini lokulondolozwa liguqukela kwizisombululo ezizinzileyo, i-CMIT inokuthi igcine isikhundla sayo njengearhente esisiseko yokubulala iintsholongwane—elungelelanisa ukusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kunye nokuzibophelela okunzulu kukhuseleko kunye noxanduva lokulawula.