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Iinkqubo zamanzi zoshishino zihlala zinengxaki yokukhuhlana kunye nokugqwala, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo kunye nobomi benkonzo yezixhobo. Ngokuphuculwa kwemigangatho yokunyanga amanzi zoshishino, iikhemikhali zokunyanga amanzi ezizinzileyo nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ziye zasetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yanamhlanje.I-Etidronic Acid (i-Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonic Acid, i-CAS: 2809-21-4)sisikali se-organophosphorus esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu kunye ne-corrosion inhibitor. Sidibanisa imisebenzi ye-chelating, dispersing kunye ne-film-forming, sisebenza njengendlela ethembekileyo endaweni ye-phosphate yendabuko kunye ne-toxic corrosion inhibitors. Sisetyenziswe kakhulu ekujikelezeni kwamanzi okupholisa, izixhobo zamanzi acocekileyo, amanzi enkqubo yeekhemikhali kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezininzi zoshishino.

I. Iipropati eziSiseko zePhysical kunye neeChemical zeI-Etidronic Acid

I-Etidronic AcidIthengiswa ngeendlela zolwelo neziqinileyo ukuze ivumelane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokupakisha, uthutho kunye nokulinganisa kwindawo. I-Liquid HEDP lulwelo olucacileyo olungenambala ukuya koluphuzi olukhanyayo, ngelixa i-solid HEDP ibonakala njengomgubo omhlophe wekristale okanye iigranules. Iiklasi zolwelo lwemizi-mveliso zigcina umxholo osebenzayo ongaphezulu kwe-50%, kwaye iimveliso eziqinileyo ezicocekileyo kakhulu zifikelela kubunzulu obungaphezulu kwe-98% kunye nokufuma okuncinci okushiyekileyo.

Inzuzo ephambili ye-HEDP kukwakheka kwayo okuzinzileyo kwemolekyuli ngaphandle kwezibopho ze-POP ezinokunyibilika lula. Ii-polyphosphates zemveli ezingaphiliyo zihlala ziqhekeka kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-60°C, zivelisa isikali sesibini kwaye zenze ukuba buthathaka kwimiphumo yonyango lwamanzi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-HEDP imelana ne-hydrolysis phantsi kokusebenza kwexesha elide kobushushu obuphezulu, kunye nobushushu bokubola kobushushu obuphezulu kune-200°C. Ingatofwa ngqo kubushushu begumbi kwimo yolwelo okanye inyibilike ngokukhawuleza kwindawo kwimo eqinileyo. Isisombululo samanzi se-Etidronic Acid esingu-1% sigcina i-pH ezinzileyo ye-2.0–3.0. Zombini iintlobo zolwelo kunye neziqinileyo zibonisa ukunyibilika kwamanzi okuhle kunye nokusasazeka okufanayo phantsi kweemeko zobushushu bamanzi eziguquguqukayo. Izisombululo zokusebenza ezixutyiweyo zihlala zizinzile ngaphandle kwemvula ecacileyo okanye ukuhluzwa ngexesha lemijikelo yokusebenza eqhelekileyo.

II. Iingenelo eziphambili: IzizathuI-Etidronic AcidIndawo eZinzileyo kwiMarike yeMichiza yoNyango lwaManzi

1. Ukuphuculwa Kokusebenza Kakuhle kunye Neendleko Zokusebenza Ezincitshisiweyo

I-Etidronic Acid ine-viscosity ephantsi kunye nokuhambelana okuhle kakhulu kokuxubana, ixutywa kakuhle nee-arhente zokucoca ngaphambi kokwenza ifilimu, ii-dispersants kunye nezinye izongezo zonyango lwamanzi eziqhelekileyo. Akukho zixhobo zokufudumeza ezifunekayo kwidosi yemihla ngemihla, yenza lula ukusebenza kwenkqubo kwaye inciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ancedisayo. Xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso ze-polyphosphate eziqhelekileyo, i-Etidronic Acid inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwenkqubo iyonke kwaye inciphise idosi esebenzayo phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zonyango. Ubomi bayo obude bembiza bunciphisa kakhulu ukuphindaphinda kwesisombululo, inciphisa umsebenzi wezandla kunye nenkunkuma yamakhemikhali ngexesha lokusebenza ixesha elide. Kwiinkqubo zamanzi ezijikelezayo ezinkulu kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo, i-HEDP inikezela ukusebenza konyango okuzinzileyo nokungaguquguqukiyo, inceda iifektri zizinzise ulawulo lomgangatho wamanzi lwemihla ngemihla kwaye inciphise inkcitho epheleleyo yokusebenza.

2. Ukuthintela okuBalaseleyo kweSikali kunye nokusebenza koKhuseleko lweNsimbi ixesha elide

I-Etidronic AcidIsebenza ngeendlela ezimbini ze-chelation kunye ne-lattice distortion. Ibamba i-calcium, i-magnesium kunye nezinye ii-ion zesinyithi ezenza isikali emanzini ukuze zenze ii-chelates ezizinzileyo ezinyibilikayo, ithintela ukwakheka kwetyuwa kunye nokufakwa kwayo. Okwangoku, iphazamisa ukukhula kwezakhiwo zesikali se-microcrystalline, ithintela ukuba iileya zesikali esiqinileyo nesincinci zinganamatheli kwiindonga zepayipi kunye neendawo zokutshintshiselana kobushushu. Kwiindawo zamanzi ezinobunzima obuphezulu, i-alkalinity ephezulu kunye ne-chloride ephezulu apho izithinteli zemveli zilwela ukugcina uzinzo, i-Etidronic Acid igcina iziphumo zokulawula isikali ezinokuthenjwa.
Ngokuphathelele ukhuseleko lokugqwala, i-HEDP Scale kunye ne-Corrosion Inhibitor zifunxa ngokulinganayo kwi-carbon steel kunye neendawo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuze zenze iifilimu ezikhuselayo ezixineneyo. Le filimu iyayisusa i-oksijini enyibilikisiweyo kunye nee-ion ezigqwalisiweyo ekudibaneni ne-substrates zesinyithi, nto leyo enciphisa amazinga okugqwala kwe-electrochemical ngokufanelekileyo. Kwizixhobo ezisebenza ixesha elide ezifana nee-heat exchangers, ii-boilers kunye neepayipi ezijikelezayo, i-Etidronic Acid inceda ekunciphiseni ukugqwala kwemigodi kunye nokugqwala okufanayo, yandisa imijikelo yenkonzo yezixhobo kwaye inciphise ukugcinwa okungalindelekanga okubangelwa kukukrwala kunye nokugqwala.

3. Iimpawu Ezinobuhlobo Nokusingqongileyo kunye Nokuthobela Imithetho Yehlabathi

I-Etidronic Acid sisixhobo sokucoca amanzi esingenabungozi kangako, esingengomhlaza kwaye sibola. Siyakwazi ukumelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yokusingqongileyo kunye neenkcukacha zokhuseleko emsebenzini. Akukho zinto zinobungozi ezikhutshwayo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, nto leyo edala iimeko zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo kubasebenzi kwindawo yokusebenza. Emva kokusetyenziswa, i-HEDP ayivelisi iintsalela ezinobungozi ezihlala zihleli, ifanela iimfuno eziqhelekileyo zokukhupha amanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso. Amaxwebhu aqhelekileyo afana ne-COA kunye ne-MSDS anokubonelelwa ukuxhasa ukuhanjiswa okuzinzileyo kwamanye amazwe kunye nokwamkelwa kwabathengi.

III. Iimeko zeSicelo esiPhambili seI-Etidronic Acid

Ixhamla ekusebenzeni kwayo okubanzi ekuthinteleni isikali, ekuthinteleni ukugqwala kunye nokusasazwa, i-Etidronic Acid isebenza njengesongezelelo esibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso:

1. Amanzi Okupholisa Ajikeleziswa Yimizi-mveliso (Isicelo Esiphambili): Afanelekile kwizityalo zamandla, kwiifektri zentsimbi, kwizityalo zeekhemikhali nakwiinkqubo ezinkulu zomoya opholileyo. Ilawula i-carbonate, i-sulfate kunye ne-silicate scaling kwaye inika ukhuseleko oluzinzileyo lokugqwala kwizixhobo zokujikeleza kwamanzi ezithatha umjikelo omde.

2. Ukulwa nokuGqobhoka kunye nokuzinziswa koMgangatho waManzi kwiZibonelelo zoLwakhiwo: Kusetyenziswa ekunyangweni kwamanzi ajikelezayo kwimibhobho kamasipala, kwiitonela kunye neeprojekthi zokulwa nokugqobhoka, kuxhasa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kweenkqubo ezingangeni manzi kunye nezokulwa nokugqobhoka.

3. Amanzi Okupholisa Inkqubo Yemizi-mveliso: Asetyenziswa kwimilo yokufakelwa kweenjini zeemoto, kwimveliso ye-elektroniki nakwimizila yemveliso yombane ukuzinzisa umgangatho wamanzi okupholisa nokuxhasa ukuveliswa kobunzima okuqhubekayo.

4. I-Auxiliary Agent for Adhesive & Coating Industries: Ilungisa iimeko zamanzi ajikelezayo kwiinkqubo zokubopha, ukuvala kunye nokufaka, iphucula uzinzo lwenkqubo iyonke.

5. Isixhobo Esincedisayo Sezinto Ezidityanisiweyo: Sinceda iinkqubo ze-epoxy kunye ne-heavy-duty anti-corrosion ekwandiseni ukuqina kwezinto kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali ngokusebenzisa iimeko zokucubungula ezizinzileyo ezisekelwe emanzini.

IV. Iphethini yoNikezelo lweHlabathi

Abavelisi beekhemikhali baseTshayina bazisa isiseko esizinzileyoI-Etidronic Acidukubonelela ngetekhnoloji yemveliso evuthiweyo, iinkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho ezisemgangathweni kunye nomthamo onokwandiswa. Zixhaswa zizinto ezithembekileyo zehlabathi kunye neempawu zemveliso ezikhuphisanayo, iimveliso zeHEDP zithunyelwa kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia, eYurophu, eMntla Melika, kuMbindi Mpuma nakwezinye iindawo, zihlangabezana neemfuno zemarike zeekhemikhali zonyango lwamanzi zoshishino ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

V. Isiphelo

I-Etidronic Acididibanisa ukuthintela okuzinzileyo kwesikali, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuguquguquka kwendalo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho, ihambelana nomkhwa wophuhliso lonyango lwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso yanamhlanje. Njengendlela esebenzisekayo kwiiarhente zonyango lwamanzi olunetyhefu zemveli, inceda amashishini ukuba agcine ukusebenza kwenkqubo yamanzi okuzinzileyo kunye nokuphucula ulawulo lwemveliso yemihla ngemihla. Ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweemfuno zonyango lwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso, i-Etidronic Acid iya kugcina ixabiso lokusetyenziswa lizinzile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.