iindaba

I-titanium tetraisopropanolate(Tetraisopropyl Titanate), i-CAS 546-68-9, yi-organotitanium compound ebalulekileyo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini, kwisayensi yezinto kunye nakwezinye iindawo. Ngoku makhe sijonge le mveliso.

Ulwazi olusisiseko

Iipropati eziphambili zefiziksi

Inkangeleko kunye nemeko: Kubushushu begumbi, lulwelo olucacileyo olungenambala ukuya koluphuzi olukhanyayo olunevumba elibi (elifana ne-alcohols okanye ii-ethers).

Ukunyibilika: Inyibilika lula kwizinyibilikisi zendalo, iphendula ngamandla namanzi – iya kutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ukuze yenze i-titanium dioxide (TiO₂) precipitate kunye ne-isopropyl alcohol ((CH₃)₂CHOH), ngoko ke kufuneka igcinwe kwaye isetyenziswe kwindawo eyomileyo.

Indawo yokubila kunye nendawo yokunyibilika: Iqondo lokubila limalunga nama-220-224℃ (kuxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo), kwaye iqondo lokunyibilika limalunga ne-14℃ (linokuqina ngaphantsi kwe-14℃ kwaye linganyibilika kwakhona xa lifudunyezwa).

Uzinzo: Ibuthathaka emoyeni, ifunxa umswakama emoyeni ngokulula kwaye ingena kwi-hydrolysis. Inokubola kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye ikhuphe iigesi ezicaphukisayo.

Iindlela eziphambili zokusetyenziswa

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-titanium tetraisopropanolate kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwiimpawu zayo ezintathu eziphambili: i-hydrolysis elula yokwenza i-titanium dioxide, ukuhambelana okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo, kunye nomsebenzi we-catalytic. I-titanium tetraisopropanolate isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi ezifana nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto, i-industrial catalysis, ii-coating, kunye ne-adhesives. Iimeko ezithile zokusetyenziswa zezi zilandelayo.

I. Ukwenziwa kwezinto: I-Core njenge-"titanium dioxide precursor"

Le yindlela ephambili yokusebenzisa i-titaniv Isopropox IDE. Ngokusebenzisa i-hydrolysis reaction yayo, izinto ze-titanium dioxide (TiO₂) zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu zinokulungiswa ngokuchanekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo.

Ukulungiswa kwe-nano-titanium dioxide

I-isopropoxide yeTitanium(IV)inyibilika kwi-organic solvent ngokusebenzisa "indlela ye-sol-gel", ize emva koko i-hydrolyzed kancinci phantsi kweemeko ezilawulekayo (ukulungisa i-pH, ubushushu, kunye nesantya se-hydrolysis) ukuze yenze "i-sol" efanayo. Emva kokomiswa ngakumbi kunye ne-calcination, kufunyanwa umgubo we-titanium dioxide okanye ifilimu ye-nano-scale. Olu hlobo lwe-nano-tio ₂ lunendawo ephezulu yomphezulu kunye nomsebenzi ogqwesileyo we-photocatalytic, kwaye lungasetyenziselwa:

Izinto ezisebenzisa i-photocatalytic: ukunyanga amanzi amdaka (ukonakalisa ungcoliseko lwezinto eziphilayo), ukucocwa komoya (ukubola i-formaldehyde kunye nee-VOC);

Izithambiso ze-sunscreen: I-Titanium tetraisopropanolate njenge-arhente ye-sunscreen ebonakalayo (i-nano-tio ₂ inokubonakalisa imisebe ye-ultraviolet, icacile kakhulu kwaye ayijiki ibe mhlophe);

Izixhobo ze-Optoelectronic: I-Titanium tetraisopropanolate yokulungiselela umaleko ofunxa ukukhanya kweeseli zelanga kunye nefilimu encinci esebenzayo yezixhobo zokubonisa ikristale yolwelo.

Iingubo zeceramic kunye neglasi ezisebenzayo

I-isopropoxide yeTitanium(IV) idityaniswe nezinye izongezo (ezifana nee-silane coupling agents) ukuze zenze isisombululo sokugquma, esiza kutshizwa okanye sidityaniswe kumphezulu we-ceramics kunye neglasi. Emva kokufudumeza nokucola, i-TiO₂ eveliswa yi-hydrolysis ye-tetraisopropyl titanate yenza i-coating ebonakalayo enobunzima obuphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, oku kunokwenza oku kulandelayo:

Ukuphucula ukumelana kwamabala kwiitafile ze-ceramic kunye nezixhobo zokuhlambela (kunciphisa ukunamathela kwamabala eoyile);

Ukuphucula ukumelana nokukrwela kweglasi (njengeglasi yokukhusela isikrini sefowuni, iglasi yemoto);

Iglasi yokunika amandla enomsebenzi "wokuzicoca" (kusetyenziswa ipropathi ye-photocatalytic ye-TiO₂ ukubola uthuli kunye namabala omphezulu).

Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo ezisekelwe kwi-titanium

Njengomthombo we-titanium, isabela ngokubambisana nezinye iityuwa zesinyithi (ezifana neetyuwa ze-aluminium kunye neetyuwa ze-zirconium) ukulungiselela ii-oxides ze-titanium-aluminium composite, izisombululo ze-titanium-zirconium eziqinileyo kunye nezinye izinto, ezisetyenziswa kwi-ceramics ezishushu kakhulu kunye nee-catalyst carriers (ukuphucula uzinzo kunye nommandla othile womphezulu wee-catalyst carriers).

II. Intsimi yeCatalysis yezeMveliso: Iimpendulo ze-catalytic organic ezisebenzayo

Ixhomekeke kwi-empty d orbital coordination ability ye-central titanium atom (Ti⁴⁺), i-Titanium IV Isopropox IDE cas 546-68-9 sisikhuthazo esihle kakhulu kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeempendulo ze-organic, ngakumbi ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko ezifuna ukukhetha okuphezulu kunye neempendulo ezisezantsi:

IiCatalysts ze-esterification kunye neempendulo ze-transesterification

Xa kuhlanganiswa ii-resin ze-polyester (ezifana ne-PET kunye ne-PBT), ukutshintsha ii-catalysts zemveli ze-acidic (ezifana ne-sulfuric acid) kunokukhawulezisa impendulo ye-esterification phakathi kwee-carboxylic acids kunye nee-alcohols, kuncitshiswe iimveliso eziphumayo (ezifana nokuphelelwa ngamanzi kwee-alcohols), kwaye i-catalyst kulula ukuyihlula kwiimveliso, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ubunyulu be-resin.

I-Titaniumiv isopropoxide cas 546-68-9ivuselela ii-transesterification reactions (ezifana ne-reaction yee-esters ezisezantsi ezine-alcohols eziphezulu ukwenza ii-esters eziphezulu) ekuhlanganiseni iincasa kunye neziqholo kunye ne-pharmaceutical intermediates, iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-reaction kunye nemveliso yemveliso.

I-catalysis ekhethiweyo kwi-organic synthesis

I-titanium tetraisopropanolate, njengesiseko se-"titanium catalytic system" (njengokuba idityaniswe nee-tartrate esters), isetyenziswa kwi-asymmetric epoxidation reactions (ekwenzeni i-chiral epoxides, ii-intermediates eziphambili ze-pharmaceutical);

I-isopropoxide ye-titanium(IV) ivuselela ii-aldol condensation reactions kwaye ilawula ngokuchanekileyo ulwakhiwo lwemveliso, nto leyo eyenza ifaneleke kushishino lweekhemikhali ezintle.

III. Intsimi yeengubo kunye neeAdhesives: Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-interface yezinto

Ngokusebenzisa uphawu lwayo "lwebhulorho ye-organic-inorganic" (esinye isiphelo sidityaniswe nezinto ezingaphiliyo kwaye esinye isiphelo sidityaniswe nezinto eziphilayo), ukunamathela kunye nokuqina kweengubo kunye nezincamathelisi kunokuphuculwa:

Ishishini leengubo: Iiarhente zokudibanisa kunye nabakhuthazi bokunamathela

Ukongeza inani elincinci le-tetraisopropyl titanate kwiingubo ze-acrylic kunye neengubo ze-polyurethane, iqela le-isopropoxy linokusabela kunye namaqela e-hydroxyl (-OH) kunye ne-carboxyl (-COOH) kwingubo ukuze kwenziwe isakhiwo esidibeneyo, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa ukumelana nemozulu (ukumelana nokuguga kwe-UV), ukumelana namanzi kunye nobunzima bengubo.

I-primer yezinto zesinyithi ezifana nentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium alloy, ekhuthaza ukunamathela kwengubo kumphezulu wesinyithi kwaye inciphisa ukuxobuka kunye nokugqwala kwengubo.

Ishishini lokuncamathelisa: Ukuphucula amandla okubopha

I-titanium tetraisopropanolate isetyenziswa njenge-"coupling agent" kwi-epoxy resin adhesives kunye ne-silicone adhesives. Elinye icala lisabela namaqela e-hydroxyl kumphezulu we-inorganic substrates ezifana neentsimbi kunye ne-ceramics, kwaye elinye icala lidibanisa ne-organic polymer chains ze-adhesives. Yonyusa kakhulu amandla okubopha kunye nokufuma kunye nokumelana nobushushu kwe-adhesives kwi-inorganic materials (ezifana nokupakisha kunye nokubopha izinto ze-elektroniki).

IV. Ezinye iinjongo ezikhethekileyo

Unyango lomphezulu wesinyithi

I-titanium tetraisopropanolate isetyenziselwa unyango lokungangenisi umphezulu we-aluminium kunye ne-magnesium alloys. I-TiO₂ eveliswa yi-hydrolysis ye-tetraisopropyl titanate yenza ifilimu yokungangenisi umphezulu ene-oxide kumphezulu wesinyithi, iphucula ukumelana nokugqwala kwesinyithi (ithatha indawo yokungangenisi kwe-chromate yesiqhelo kwaye ibe nobuhlobo ngakumbi nokusingqongileyo).

Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo

Ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-“chemical vapor deposition (CVD)”, umphunga we-tetraisopropyl titanate ungeniswa kwigumbi lokusabela, apho ubola khona kumphezulu we-substrate (njengeglasi ye-quartz) ukuze wenze iifilimu ze-TiO₂, ezisetyenziselwa ukulungiselela izihluzi ze-optical kunye neengubo ezichasene nokukhanya (zokulawula ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya).

Ishishini lempahla yelaphu: Iiarhente zokugqiba ezisebenzayo

I-isopropoxide yeTitanium(IV)Iphendula namaqela e-hydroxyl kumphezulu weefayibha zelaphu ukuze yenze ifilimu ye-TiO₂ kumphezulu wefayibha, inika ilaphu iipropati zokulwa neentsholongwane (isebenzisa isiphumo se-photocatalytic bactericidal se-TiO₂) kunye nokumelana ne-UV (njengakwiifayibha ezikhusela ilanga ngaphandle).