Yintoni iPolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)?
I-Polyvinylpyrrolidone, efinyeziweyo njenge-PVP. Isetyenziswa njenge-adjuvant, i-additive, kunye ne-excipient kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana neyeza, ilaphu, iikhemikhali, iziselo, kunye neekhemikhali zemihla ngemihla. Ngokweemfuno zemveliso, i-PVP inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezine: i-industrial grade, i-cosmetic grade, i-food grade, kunye ne-pharmaceutical grade. Ii-homopolymers, ii-copolymers, kunye neemveliso ze-polymer series ezidityanisiweyo ezinobunzima beemolekyuli ukusuka kumawaka ukuya ngaphezulu kwesigidi ziye zasetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezintle nezingaqhelekanga.
I-PVP yahlulwe yangamanqanaba amane ngokusekelwe kubunzima bayo obuqhelekileyo beemolekyuli, kwaye idla ngokumelwa ngamaxabiso e-K. Amaxabiso e-K ahlukeneyo amele uluhlu oluhambelanayo lobunzima obuqhelekileyo beemolekyuli ze-PVP. Ixabiso le-K ngokwenene lixabiso elibonakalayo elinxulumene ne-viscosity ehambelanayo yesisombululo samanzi se-PVP, kwaye i-viscosity sisixa esibonakalayo esinxulumene nobunzima beemolekyuli zeepolymers. Ke ngoko, ixabiso le-K lingasetyenziselwa ukuchaza ubunzima obuqhelekileyo beemolekyuli ze-PVP. Ngokwesiqhelo, okukhona ixabiso le-K likhulu, kokukhona i-viscosity yayo iphakama kwaye inamathela ngamandla. Iintlobo eziphambili zemveliso kunye neenkcukacha ze-PVP zinokuhlulwahlulwa ngokwamanqanaba e-viscosity e-K-15, K17, K25, K-30, K60, kunye ne-K-90 ngokusekelwe kubunzima beemolekyuli.
I-UNILONG INDUSTRY ingabonelela ngezi zinto zilandelayoI-PVP-Kiimveliso zothotho:
| UHLOBO | I-PVP K12 | I-PVP K15 | I-PVP K17 | I-PVP K25 | I-PVP K30 | I-PVP K60 | I-PVP K90 | |
| Inkangeleko | Umgubo omhlophe | |||||||
| Ixabiso le-K | 10.2-13.8 | 12.75-17.25 | 15.3-18.36 | 22.5-27.0 | 27-32.4 | 54-64.8 | 81-97.2 | |
| Ukungcola kweSingel (ubumdaka A) | (CP2005/USP26) %ubuninzi | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| (USP31/EP6/BP2007) ppm ubuninzi | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
| Amanzi % ephezulu | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | |
| Umxholo % umzuzu | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | |
| i-pH (isisombululo samanzi esi-5%) | 3.0-5.0 | 3.0-5.0 | 3.0-5.0 | 3.0-5.0 | 3.0-5.0 | 4.0-7.0 | 4.0-7.0 | |
| Uthuthu lwe-sulfate% ephezulu | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Umxholo weNitrogen﹪ | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | 11.5-12.8 | |
| Umxholo we-2-P % ubuninzi | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | |
| I-Aldehyde ppm max | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | |
| I-ppm max yesinyithi esinzima | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
| IHydrazine ppm max | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| I-hydrogen peroxide ppm max | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | |
I-PVP, njenge-polymer compound eyenziweyo enyibilikayo emanzini, ineempawu eziqhelekileyo zee-polymer compounds ezinyibilikayo emanzini, kubandakanya ukhuseleko lwe-colloid, ukwakheka kwefilimu, ukubopha, ukufunxwa komswakama, ukunyibilika okanye ukujiya. Nangona kunjalo, uphawu lwayo oluphawuleka kakhulu kukunyibilika kwayo okuhle kunye nokuhambelana komzimba, okuye kwatsala ingqalelo. Kwii-polymers ezenziweyo, i-PVP, enyibilikayo emanzini nakwizinto ezininzi ezinyibilikayo eziphilayo, inetyhefu ephantsi, kwaye ihambelana kakuhle ngokomzimba, ayibonakali rhoqo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinxulumene nempilo yabantu ezifana namayeza, ukutya, kunye nezinto zokuthambisa. Oku kulandelayo sisingeniso esithile kwiindawo zayo zokusetyenziswa:
Kwicandelo lezinto zokuthambisa zemihla ngemihla
Kwizinto zokuthambisa zemihla ngemihla, i-PVP kunye ne-copolymer zineempawu ezilungileyo zokusasazeka kunye nokwenza ifilimu. I-PVP inokukhusela i-colloid kwi-lotion, kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwiikhrimu zamafutha kunye nezingenamafutha, njenge-setting liquid, i-hair spray kunye ne-mousse setting agent, i-hair conditioner, i-shampoo foam stabilizer, i-wave setting agent, kunye ne-hair dye dispersant kunye ne-affinity agent. Ukongeza i-PVP kwi-snow cream, i-sunscreen, kunye nee-agents zokususa iinwele kunokuphucula imiphumo yokumanzisa kunye nokuthambisa.
Intsimi yokuhlamba impahla
I-PVP ineempawu zokulwa nokungcola kunye nokubuyisela imvula kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela ulwelo olucacileyo okanye izicoci ezinkulu zokungcola. Ukongeza i-PVP kwiisepha kunempembelelo entle yokulwa nokutshintsha umbala kwaye kunokuphucula amandla okucoca. Xa uhlamba amalaphu, inokuthintela izicoci zokwenziwa ekucaphukiseni ulusu, ingakumbi iifayibha zokwenziwa. Olu phawu lubalaseleyo kunezicoci ze-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). I-PVP inokuhlanganiswa ne-borax njengesithako esisebenzayo ekuqulunqweni kwee-phenolic disinfectant cleaning agents. Isepha eyenziwe yi-PVP kunye ne-hydrogen peroxide inemisebenzi yokumhlopheza nokubulala iintsholongwane.
Ukuprinta kunye nokudaya ilaphu
I-PVP inobuhlobo obuhle needayi ezininzi zendalo kwaye ingadityaniswa neefayibha zokwenziwa ezisebenzisa amanzi amdaka ezifana ne-polyacrylonitrile, ii-esters, i-nylon, kunye nezinto ezinemicu ukuphucula amandla okudaya kunye nokuphiliza kwamanzi. Emva kwe-PVP kunye ne-nylon grafting copolymerization, ilaphu elivelisiweyo liphucule ukumelana nokufuma kunye nokufuma kwalo.
Iingubo kunye nemibala
Iipeyinti kunye neengubo ezigqunywe ngePVP zibonakala ngaphandle kokuchaphazela umbala wazo wendalo, ziphucula ukukhazimla nokusasazeka kweengubo kunye nemibala, ziphucula uzinzo lobushushu, kwaye ziphucula ukusasazeka kwee-inki kunye nee-inki.
Icandelo lezonyango
I-PVP ayinayo impembelelo entle kwi-physiological, ayithathi nxaxheba kwi-metabolism yomntu, kwaye ihambelana kakuhle ne-bio, engabangeli naluphi na uhlobo lokucaphuka eluswini, kwi-mucosa, emehlweni, njl.njl. I-PVP yodidi lwezonyango yenye yezinto ezintathu eziphambili ezisetyenziswa kumayeza ezikhuthazwa kwihlabathi liphela, ezinokusetyenziswa njenge-binder yeepilisi kunye nee-granules, i-solvent ye-co-injections, kunye ne-flow aid yee-capsules; Ii-Detoxifiers, ii-extenders, ii-lubricants kunye nee-arhente zokwenza ifilimu zamaconsi amehlo, ii-dispersants ze-liquid formulations, izibambisi zee-enzymes kunye namayeza e-thermosensitive, kwaye zingasetyenziswa njenge-preservatives ezisebenzisa ubushushu obuphantsi. Isetyenziselwa iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ukwandisa i-hydrophilicity yazo kunye ne-lubricity. Ukongeza, i-PVP ingasetyenziswa njenge-colorant kunye ne-X-ray contrast agent; Ingasetyenziselwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zedosi zamayeza afana neepilisi, ii-granules, kunye namanzi. Ine-detoxification, i-hemostasis, ukwanda koxinzelelo lwe-dissolving, ukuthintela ukunamathela kwe-peritoneal, kunye nokukhuthaza izinga le-erythrocyte sedimentation. I-PVP K30 iqaliswe ngokusesikweni ngemvume yesebe lesizwe lolawulo lwamayeza.
Ukulungiswa kokutya
I-PVP ngokwayo ayibangeli umhlaza kwaye inokhuseleko oluhle lokutya. Ingenza ii-complexes ezinee-polyphenolic compounds ezithile (ezifana nee-tannins) kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu njenge-arhente yokucacisa nokuzinzisa ekucutshungulweni kokutya, njengebhiya, ijusi yeziqhamo, kunye newayini. I-PVP ingenza ii-complexes ezinee-polyphenolic compounds ezithile (ezifana nee-tannins), ezidlala indima yokucacisa kunye ne-anticoagulant kwiziselo zejusi yeziqhamo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-cross-linked PVP kwiziselo zebhiya kunye neti kuxhaphake kakhulu. Izinto ze-polyphenolic kwibhiya zinokubophana neeproteni kwibhiya ukuze zenze ii-tannin macromolecular complexes, ezichaphazela kakhulu incasa yebhiya kwaye zinciphise ubomi bayo beshelufu. I-crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP) inokuxutywa ne-tannic acid kunye nee-anthocyanins kwibhiya, ngaloo ndlela icacisa ibhiya, iphucule uzinzo lwayo lokugcina, kwaye yandise ubomi bayo beshelufu. Kwiziselo zeti, ukusetyenziswa kwe-PVPP kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo wee-polyphenols zeti, kwaye i-PVPP ayihlali kwiziselo zeti, okwenza ukuba isetyenziswe kwakhona kwaye inciphise kakhulu iindleko.
Iindawo eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwe-PVP okwangoku zigxile kumashishini eekhemikhali namayeza emihla ngemihla, kwaye ukukhula kwala mashishini mabini kuya kuqhubeka nokuqhuba imfuno ephambili yokusetyenziswa kwe-PVP kwixesha elizayo. Kwintsimi entsha ye-PVP, kwishishini leebhetri ze-lithium, i-PVP ingasetyenziselwa njengesisasazi see-electrode zebhetri ye-lithium kunye noncedo lokucubungula izinto eziqhubayo; Kwishishini le-photovoltaic, i-PVP ingasetyenziselwa njengesisasazi ukuvelisa umgubo wesilivere ojikelezayo okumgangatho ophezulu we-electrode entle yesilivere, umgubo wesilivere ofana neshiti we-electrode engalunganga yesilivere, kunye namasuntswana esilivere enano. Ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwesantya sokungena kwebhetri ye-lithium kunye nokwanda komthamo ofakiweyo we-photovoltaic, la macandelo mabini avelayo aya kuqhuba kakhulu imfuno ye-PVP.
I-Unilong ngumthengisi oqeqeshiweyo, kwayeUthotho lwePVPiye yaphuhliswa yaza yaveliswa kangangeminyaka elishumi. Ngenxa yotshintsho olukhoyo kwimarike, ukunikezelwa kweemveliso zePVP akufumaneki lula. Okwangoku, songeze eminye imigca emibini yemveliso, kunye nokunikezelwa okwaneleyo kunye namaxabiso amahle. Nceda uzive ukhululekile ukubuza.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-01-2023