iindaba

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, abantu banikela ingqalelo ngakumbi kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kwaye uphuhliso oluluhlaza lwemizi-mveliso luye lwaba ngumkhwa omtsha okhokelayo. Ke ngoko, izinto ezibolayo ziyimfuneko. Ngoko ke zithini izinto ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji?

Izinto ezisekelwe kwi-biobased zibhekisa kwizixhobo ze-biomass ezivuselelekayo ezenziwe nge-photosynthesis njengezinto eziluhlaza, eziguqulwa zibe ziimveliso zebhayoloji ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-biological fermentation, zize zihlanjululwe kwaye zenziwe i-polymer zibe zizinto ze-biomaterials ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ze-polymer. Izinto ezibolayo zinokubola zibe yi-CO2 kunye ne-H20 phantsi kwesenzo se-microbial okanye iimeko zomgquba. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezisekelwe kwi-petroleum, izinto ezisekelwe kwi-bio zinganciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ukuya kuthi ga kwi-67%.

Ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni okuqhelekileyo ngexesha lonke lenkqubo yokuvelisa ezinye iipolymers (iimveliso ze-kg CO2/kg):

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, asinakuphila ngaphandle kweemveliso zeplastiki, kodwa sonke siyazi ukuba iplastiki ayilungelanga okusingqongileyo kwaye yeyona mveliso iphambili "yenkunkuma emhlophe". Nangona kunjalo, iimveliso zeplastiki zixhaphakile kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yoko, iiplastiki ezibolayo ziye zaba ngumkhwa omtsha kancinci kancinci.

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, izazinzulu ziye zavelisa imveliso ebolayo –i-polylactic acidLe plastiki, eguqulwe kwisitatshi sezityalo, inokonakala okugqwesileyo kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ngenxa yenkqubo yayo yokulungiselela esusa izinto eziluhlaza zepetrochemical ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. I-Polylactic acid (PLA) okwangoku yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ezithembisayo, nezingabizi kakhulu.

Yintoni i-PLA?

I-Poly (i-lactic acid), ifinyeziwe njengeI-PLA, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-polylactic acid,I-CAS 26100-51-6okanyeI-CAS 26023-30-3I-polylactic acid yenziwe nge-biomass njengezinto eziluhlaza, ezivela kwindalo kwaye ziyinxalenye yendalo. Inkqubo yokuguqula i-PLA yile ilandelayo - iingcali zekhemistri zinokuguqula ngokufanelekileyo isitatshi esikhutshwe kwizityalo ezifana nombona sibe yi-LA ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo e-hydrolysis kunye nokubiliswa kweentsholongwane, kwaye zisiguqulele ngakumbi kwi-PLA ngokusebenzisa i-condensation polymerization okanye i-ring opening polymerization, zifezekisa "umlingo" wokuguqula izityalo zibe yiplastiki.

Ziziphi iimpawu kunye neenzuzo ze-polylactic acid?

Yonakaliswa ngokupheleleyo

Phantsi kwesenzo seentsholongwane okanye iimeko zomgquba, inokonakala ngokupheleleyo ibe yi-CO2 kunye ne-H2O, kwaye izinga lokubola kwe-bio linokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-90% emva kweentsuku ezili-180.

Iipropati zendalo zokulwa nentsholongwane

Inamandla athile okuthintela iiCandida albicans, iEscherichia coli kunye neStaphylococcus aureus.

Ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo

I-lactic acid yezinto eziluhlaza yinto ephuma emzimbeni womntu, kwaye i-PLA yinto efakwe emzimbeni womntu eqinisekiswe yi-FDA, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lezonyango.

Ukuqhubekeka kakuhle

Ubushushu bokucubungula i-PLA yi-170 ~ 230 ℃, kwaye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula ezifana nokukhupha, ukolula, ukujikeleza, ukuvuthela ifilimu, ukubumba ngenaliti, ukubumba ngebhombu, kunye nokudumba zingasetyenziselwa ukubumba.

Ukungatsha

Ayitshi, ine-oxygen index ephezulu emalunga ne-21%, ivelisa umsi omncinci, kwaye akukho msi umnyama.

Izinto ezivuselelwayo ezivuselelekayo

Izinto eziluhlaza zePLA zivela kwimithombo yekhabhoni yebhayomass eyenziwe yifotosinthesisi.

Ngokwandiswa kancinci kancinci kolwazi lwabantu ngendalo, iiplastiki ezinokubola ziya kuthatha indawo yezinto ezingasetyenziswanga yi-petrochemical. Ngenxa yokwamkelwa okwandayo kweeplastiki ezinokubola luluntu,I-PLAiza kufikelela ekungeneni kwezinye iindawo ezisezantsi kwixesha elizayo.