iindaba

Ngenkqubela phambili yamaxesha, abantu banikela ingqalelo ngakumbi nangakumbi ekukhuselweni kwendalo, kwaye uphuhliso lohlaza lwamashishini luye lwaba yinto entsha ehamba phambili. Ke ngoko, imathiriyeli enokubola ngebhayoloji iyimfuneko. Ke zithini izinto ezisekwe kwibhayoloji?

Izixhobo ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji zibhekisa kwimithombo yebhayomass ehlaziyekayo eyenziwe ngephotosynthesis njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, ezithi zitshintshwe zibe yimveliso yebhayoloji ngetekhnoloji yebhayoloji yokubila, emva koko yacocwa kwaye yenziwe ipolymer ibe yipolymer ehambelana nokusingqongileyo. Izinto eziguquguqukayo ze-biodegradable zinokubola zibe yi-CO2 kunye ne-H20 phantsi kwesenzo se-microbial okanye iimeko zomgquba. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezisekelwe kwi-petroleum, izinto ezisekelwe kwi-bio zinganciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ukuya kuthi ga kwi-67%.

Ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni eqhelekileyo ngexesha layo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa ezinye iipholima (kg CO2/kg iimveliso):

Ubomi bemihla ngemihla, asikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kweemveliso zeplastiki, kodwa sonke siyazi ukuba iplastiki ayihambelani nokusingqongileyo kwaye iyona mveliso ephambili "yenkunkuma emhlophe". Nangona kunjalo, iimveliso zeplastiki zikho kuyo yonke indawo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yoko, iiplastiki ezonakeleyo ngokuthe ngcembe ziye zaba yinto entsha.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izazinzulu ziye zavelisa imveliso enokubola –polylactic acid. Le plastikhi, eguqulwa kwisitatshi sesityalo, inokonakala okugqwesileyo kwindalo kwaye ihambelana nokusingqongileyo ngenxa yenkqubo yayo yokulungiswa ephelisa imathiriyeli ekrwada yepetrochemical. I-Polylactic acid (i-PLA) ngoku yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ezithembisayo, kunye nexabiso elisebenzayo lezinto ezibolayo.

Yintoni i-PLA?

Poly (lactic acid), ishunqulelwe njengeI-PLA, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-polylactic acid,I-CAS 26100-51-6okanyeI-CAS 26023-30-3. I-Polylactic acid yenziwe kwi-biomass njengento ekrwada, evela kwindalo kunye neyendalo. Inkqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-PLA imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo - i-chemist inokuguqula ngokufanelekileyo isitashi esikhutshwe kwizityalo ezifana nombona kwi-LA ngokusebenzisa i-hydrolysis kunye ne-microbial fermentation amanyathelo, kwaye iguqule ngakumbi kwi-PLA ngokusebenzisa i-polymerization ye-condensation okanye i-ring open polymerization, ukufezekisa "umlingo" wokuguqula. izityalo kwiiplastiki.

Ziziphi iimpawu kunye neenzuzo ze-polylactic acid?

Iyathobeka ngokupheleleyo

Ngaphantsi kwesenzo se-microorganisms okanye iimeko zomgquba, inokuthotywa ngokupheleleyo ibe yi-CO2 kunye ne-H2O, kwaye izinga lokuhlanjululwa kwezinto eziphilayo lingafikelela ngaphezu kwe-90% emva kweentsuku ze-180.

Iimpawu zendalo ze-antibacterial

Inamandla athile okuthintela kwiCandida albicans, Escherichia coli kunye neStaphylococcus aureus.

Biocompatibility

I-lactic acid ekrwada yinto engapheliyo emzimbeni womntu, kwaye i-PLA yinto yokufakelwa komntu eqinisekisiwe yi-FDA, esetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwintsimi yezonyango.

Inkqubo egqwesileyo

Ubushushu bokusebenza kwePLA yi-170 ~ 230 ℃, kwaye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenzwa ezinje nge-extrusion, ukolula, ukusonta, ukuvuthela ifilimu, ukubumba inaliti, ukubumba ukuvuthela, kunye nokudumba kungasetyenziselwa ukubumba.

Ukungatsha

Ayinakutsha, enesalathiso se-oksijini yokugqibela emalunga ne-21%, umsi ophantsi, kwaye akukho msi omnyama.

Imathiriyeli ekrwada ehlaziyekayo

Imathiriyeli ekrwada ye-PLA ivela kwimithombo ye-biomass carbon eyenziwe yi-photosynthesis.

Ngokwandiswa kancinci kancinci kolwazi lwabantu ngemo engqongileyo, iiplastiki ezibolisiweyo ziya kuthatha indawo yemathiriyeli ekrwada yepetrokhemikhali engenabungozi kokusingqongileyo. Ukujongana nokwamkelwa okukhulayo kweeplastiki ezinokubola eluntwini,I-PLAiya kuzuza ukungena kwimihlaba esezantsi yomlambo kwixesha elizayo.