iindaba

UJulayi yincopho yehlobo, kwaye ngexesha lehlobo elishushu nelifumileyo, ukutya kunokuba yindawo echumileyo yeebhaktheriya nangaliphi na ixesha. Ngokukodwa iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, ukuba iziqhamo kunye nemifuno esanda kuthengwa ayigcinwa efrijini, inokugcinwa kuphela usuku olunye. Kwaye rhoqo ehlobo, kukho iimeko ezininzi zohudo olubangelwa "ukutya kakubi", abadala kunye nabantwana, bahlala bephosakele ngokutya "kubanda". Ngapha koko, ukutya okunobushushu obuphantsi okanye iziselo ngokwenene zibangela ukuba abanye abahlobo babe ne-peristalsis ekhawulezayo yamathumbu, kodwa ngokubanzi akubangeli abantu ukuba babalekele kwigumbi langasese izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini. Ngoko ke ngeli nqanaba, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyiqwalasele yintsholongwane yamathumbu ebangelwa ukucoceka kokutya. Ngaba ukutya okusetyenzisiweyo kuyabola kwaye konakaliswa? Ngoko sinokuzitya njani iziqhamo nemifuno emitsha ehlotyeni?

Ngeli xesha, into yokuqala esiyicinga ngayo kukugcinwa kwefriji. Noko ke, zininzi iintlobo zokutya neziselo ezigcinwe kwiifriji, phakathi kwazo kukho ukutya okuninzi “okufaka iibhaktheriya” kwizikhenkcisi, njengamaqanda anokuthwala isalmonella, kunye nenyama ekrwada, iziqhamo nemifuno enokuthi ithwale i-Escherichia coli ebangela izifo, I-pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus kunye ne-parasites. Kwaye ifriji nayo inobomi beshelufu yokugcinwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutya okuthatha iintsuku ezi-2-3 kufuneka kudliwe, ngaphandle koko kuya kubola efrijini ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngelo xesha, ifriji nayo inomlinganiselo othile wokugcina indawo, esetyenziselwa kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwendlu. Ukuba yisuphamakethi enkulu, sikugcina njani ukutya kusitsha kumthombo wabarhwebi esibathengayo?

Ngophuhliso lwehlabathi jikelele kwezoqoqosho, ukuthengiswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno kuye kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo. Xa sijamelene nale meko, kufuneka sifunde uhlobo olutsha lwesithinteli—1-MCP yesithinteli seziqhamo nemifuno. Emva kokuba imveliso iphuhlisiwe, yafumana impendulo ephezulu. Kuba oku ayisiyotyhefu, ikhuseleke kakhulu, kwaye isigcinakaliso esisebenza kakhulu. Okulandelayo, makhe sithethe malunga nezithako ze-1-MCP yesigcinakaliso seziqhamo kunye nemifuno.

Yintoni i-1-Methylcyclopropene?

1-Methylcyclopropene, ishunqulelwe njenge-1-MCP ngesiNgesi,I-CAS 3100-04-7ifomula yemichiza yi-C4H6. Ngaphantsi kobushushu obuqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo, imbonakalo yigesi engenambala, ayinayo ityhefu kwaye ayinancasa, kunye nobuninzi be-0.838g / cm3. Yikhompawundi esebenzayo kakhulu yeCyclopropene. I-1-Methyl Cyclopropene isetyenziswa kakhulu njengomlawuli wokukhula kwezityalo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwintsimi yokugcinwa kwezityalo. Ineenzuzo zokusetyenziswa okuphantsi, isiphumo esihle sokugcina kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu.

Iimpawu ze-1-MCP

I-1-MCP inokuthintela ukukhululwa kwe-ethylene ngezityalo ngokwazo, kwaye iphinde ivimbele ukubopha i-ethylene kwii-receptors ezinxulumene kwiiseli zezityalo, ngaloo ndlela ivimbela ukuvuthwa kwe-ethylene. Ngoko ke, ukusetyenziswa kwe-1-Methylcyclopene kunokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo ixesha lokuvuthwa kunye nokuguga kwezityalo, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa ubomi babo beshelufu, ukunciphisa urhwaphilizo kunye nenkunkuma ngexesha lokuthutha kunye nokugcinwa, kunye nokwandisa ubomi beshelufu yempahla.

Usetyenziso lwe-1-MCP

1-MCPinokusetyenziswa ekulondolozweni kweziqhamo, imifuno, neentyatyambo ukuthintela ukubuna kwezityalo. Ngokomzekelo, xa igalelwa kwiziqhamo nemifuno enjengama-apile, amapere, iiplum, i<em>kiwifruit neetumato, inokulibazisa ukuvuthwa kwazo, inciphise ukuba ngumphunga wamanzi, ize igcine ukuqina, incasa, kunye nesondlo; Ngokumalunga nokugcinwa kweentyatyambo, inokugcina umbala kunye nevumba leentyatyambo. Ukongeza, i-1-Methylcyclopene inokuphucula ukuchasana kwezifo zezityalo.1-Methylcyclopenelinyathelo elitsha ekulondolozweni kweziqhamo nemifuno emva kogcino lweatmosfera elungisiweyo.

Emva kwalo bhubhani, uqoqosho lwabuyela kwimeko entle, yaye urhwebo lwehlabathi lwalusanda ngokuthe ngcembe. Nyaka ngamnye, ilizwe ngalinye belivelisa inani elikhulu leziqhamo nemifuno esandul’ ukutsha yasekuhlaleni. Ngenxa yophuhliso olungafezekanga lwenkqubo yezolimo, malunga ne-85% yeziqhamo kunye nemifuno yasebenzisa izixhobo eziqhelekileyo, nto leyo ebangele inani elikhulu lelahleko yokubola, nto leyo ekwabonelela ngendawo yokuthengisa ebanzi yokukhuthaza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso.I-1-methyl Cyclopropene. Ke ngoko, kunokubonwa ukuba i-1-MCP inethemba lophuhliso olubanzi, hayi kuphela kwiziqhamo ezahlukeneyo zokuphefumla kunye nemifuno, kodwa inokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo ugcino lwasemva kokuvuna kunye nobomi beshelufa, ngakumbi iziqhamo kunye nemifuno ethylene enovakalelo, kwaye inokugcina imvelaphi yoqobo. umgangatho weziqhamo kunye nemifuno ixesha elide.