iindaba

UJulayi lixesha lehlobo, kwaye ngexesha lehlobo elishushu nelifumileyo, ukutya kunokuba yindawo evundileyo yeebhaktheriya nangaliphi na ixesha. Ingakumbi iziqhamo nemifuno, ukuba iziqhamo nemifuno esandul’ ukuthengwa ayigcinwanga efrijini, ingagcinwa usuku olunye kuphela. Kwaye rhoqo ehlotyeni, kukho iimeko ezininzi zorhudo olubangelwa “kukutya kakubi”, abantu abadala nabantwana, abadla ngokuphambaniswa nokutya “kubanda kakhulu”. Enyanisweni, ukutya okanye iziselo ezishushu kakhulu zibangela ukuba abanye abahlobo babe ne-intestinal peristalsis ekhawulezayo, kodwa ngokubanzi akubangeli ukuba abantu babaleke baye kwindlu yangasese amaxesha amaninzi ngemini. Ke ngoku, into yokuqala ekufuneka iqwalaselwe lusulelo lwamathumbu olubangelwa kukucoceka kokutya. Ngaba ukutya okutyiwayo kuyabola kwaye kuyabola? Ngoko ke singazitya njani iziqhamo nemifuno emitsha ehlotyeni elishushu?

Okwangoku, into yokuqala esicinga ngayo kukugcina ifriji. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokutya neziselo ezigcinwe kwiifriji, phakathi kwazo kukho ukutya okuninzi "okufaka iintsholongwane" kwiifriji, njengamaqanda anokuthwala i-salmonella, kunye nenyama eluhlaza, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno enokuthwala i-Escherichia coli ebangela izifo, i-Staphylococcus aureus ebangela izifo kunye neeparasite. Kwaye ifriji ikwanobomi beshelufu bokugcinwa. Ngokubanzi, ukutya okuthatha iintsuku ezi-2-3 kufuneka kutyiwe, kungenjalo kuya kubolela efrijini ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kwangaxeshanye, ifriji ikwanendawo ethile yokugcina, esetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa ekhaya kuphela. Ukuba yivenkile enkulu, singakugcina njani ukutya kutsha kubathengisi esibathengayo?

Ngenxa yophuhliso lwehlabathi jikelele kwezoqoqosho, ukungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kweziqhamo nemifuno kwamanye amazwe kuye kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yale meko, kufuneka sifunde uhlobo olutsha lwesigcini-mveliso — isigcini-mveliso seziqhamo nemifuno esiyi-1-MCP. Nje ukuba imveliso iphuhliswe, yafumana impendulo ephezulu. Kuba esi sisigcini-mveliso esingenabungozi, sikhuselekile kakhulu, kwaye sisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Okulandelayo, masithethe ngezithako zesigcini-mveliso seziqhamo nemifuno esiyi-1-MCP.

Yintoni i-1-Methylcyclopropene?

1-Methylcyclopropene, efinyeziweyo njenge-1-MCP ngesiNgesi,I-CAS 3100-04-7Ifomula yekhemikhali yi-C4H6. Phantsi kobushushu obuqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo, imbonakalo yayo ayinambala, ayinatyhefu kwaye ayinancasa, inobunzima obuyi-0.838g/cm3. Yikhompawundi yeCyclopropene esebenzayo kakhulu. I-1-Methyl Cyclopropene isetyenziswa kakhulu njengomlawuli wokukhula kwezityalo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lokugcinwa kwezityalo. Inezibonelelo zokusetyenziswa okuncinci, isiphumo esihle sokugcina kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu.

Iimpawu ze-1-MCP

I-1-MCP inokuthintela ukukhululwa kwe-ethylene zizityalo ngokwazo, kwaye ikwathintele ukubopha kwe-ethylene kwii-receptors ezinxulumeneyo kwiiseli zezityalo, ngaloo ndlela ithintele isiphumo sokuvuthwa kwe-ethylene. Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwe-1-Methylcyclopene kunokwandisa ngempumelelo inkqubo yokuvuthwa nokwaluphala kwezityalo, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa ixesha lazo lokukhula, kunciphisa ukonakala kunye nenkunkuma ngexesha lokuthuthwa nokugcinwa, kwaye kwandise ixesha lokugcinwa kweempahla.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-1-MCP

1-MCPingasetyenziselwa ukulondoloza iziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neentyatyambo ukuthintela ukubuna kwezityalo. Umzekelo, xa isetyenziswa kwiziqhamo kunye nemifuno efana nama-apile, amapere, iiplum, i-kiwifruit, kunye neetumato, inokulibazisa ukuvuthwa kwazo, inciphise ukufuma kwamanzi, kwaye igcine ubulukhuni bazo, incasa, kunye nokwakheka kwezondlo; Ngokuphathelele ukugcinwa kweentyatyambo, ingagcina umbala kunye nevumba leentyatyambo. Ukongeza, i-1-Methylcyclopene ingaphucula nokumelana nezifo zezityalo.1-Methylcyclopenelinyathelo elitsha ekugcinweni kweziqhamo nemifuno emva kokulondolozwa kwemozulu etshintshiweyo.

Emva kobhubhane, uqoqosho lwabuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kwaye uphuhliso lorhwebo lwehlabathi lwalukhula kancinci kancinci. Unyaka ngamnye, ilizwe ngalinye lalivelisa inani elikhulu leziqhamo nemifuno emitsha yasekuhlaleni. Ngenxa yophuhliso olungaphelelanga lwe-agricultural chain cold chain logistics, malunga ne-85% yeziqhamo nemifuno yayisebenzisa i-agricultural logistics eqhelekileyo, nto leyo eyabangela inani elikhulu lokulahleka kokubola, nto leyo eyabonelela ngendawo ebanzi yemarike yokukhuthaza nokusetyenziswa kwe-agricultural logistics.I-1-methyl CyclopropeneNgoko ke, kunokubonwa ukuba i-1-MCP inamathuba ophuhliso olubanzi, kungekuphela nje kwiziqhamo nemifuno eyahlukeneyo yokuphefumla, kodwa ikwanokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo ukugcinwa kunye nobomi beshelufu emva kokuvuna, ngakumbi kwiziqhamo nemifuno ebuthathaka kwi-ethylene, kwaye inokugcina umgangatho wokuqala weziqhamo nemifuno ixesha elide.